The Chief Executive Officer (CEO) is the highest-ranking individual in a company in terms of leadership roles and responsibilities. The CEO leads the development and execution of a company’s overall strategies and makes top-level business decisions. Ultimately responsible for the overall success of the company, the CEO answers only to the board of directors (BoD). To ensure plans match the company’s operational and financial capability, a CEO works closely with the Chief Operations Officer (COO) and the Chief Finance Officer (CFO) and other members of the so-called C suite.
The success or failure of an organization hinges on how its CEO responds to uncertain situations. There’s no standard list of roles and responsibilities that they must follow. CEOs of smaller companies may be required to engage in day-to-day decision making. In large corporations, they are expected to perform as the final decision-maker and high-level strategist, focusing on with large-scale business projects and their overall impact on a company’s profitability and success. Deliverables against those objectives are delegated to department or group heads.
However, a typical CEO performs the following:
There exists an important balance of power between the board and the CEO. In most businesses, the CEO has both the responsibility and the authority needed to manage and lead the organization to achieve its business goals and objectives. The board provides support, advice, and approval on the critical decisions the CEO is to make. Both protect the interests of investors, and in setting the overall direction of the company.
Outside the boardroom, the CFO helps the CEO create financially sound business strategies; while the COO ensures the organization’s operational capability in executing the plans moving forward. Other leadership-level (or C-level) positions may be created within a company depending on how the board and CEO decide to structure top management. Positions like Chief Information Officer (CIO), Chief Human Resources Officer (CHRO), Chief Marketing Officer (CMO), and Chief Revenue Officer may be needed.
Making tough decisions that might disappoint supporters and stakeholders is one of the top challenges that CEOs face. It’s a delicate act of balancing different interests, stakes, priorities, and timing.
CEO’s must have a long-term vision for the company, while establishing the right rhythm to implement change in the organization. Or, when the company is facing a crisis that has implications beyond business, such as the social and political environment, it tests the CEO’s mettle.